Published on Apr 02, 2024
(WIN) is a concept being developed by the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) Standards Committee TR45.2. The charter of this committee is to drive intelligent network (IN) capabilities, based on interim standard (IS)-41, into wireless networks. IS-41 is a standard currently being embraced by wireless providers because it facilitates roaming. Basing WIN standards on this protocol enables a graceful evolution to an IN without making current network infrastructure obsolete.
Today's wireless subscribers are much more sophisticated telecommunications users than they were five years ago. No longer satisfied with just completing a clear call, today's subscribers demand innovative ways to use the wireless phone. They want multiple services that allow them to handle or select incoming calls in a variety of ways.
Enhanced services are very important to wireless customers. They have come to expect, for instance, services such as caller ID and voice messaging bundled in the package when they buy and activate a cellular or personal communications service (PCS) phone. Whether prepaid, voice/data messaging, Internet surfing, or location-sensitive billing, enhanced services will become an important differentiator in an already crowded, competitive service-provider market.
Enhanced services will also entice potentially new subscribers to sign up for service and will drive up airtime through increased usage of PCS or cellular services. As the wireless market becomes increasingly competitive, rapid deployment of enhanced services becomes critical to a successful wireless strategy.
Intelligent network (IN) solutions have revolutionized wireline networks. Rapid creation and deployment of services has become the hallmark of a wireline network based on IN concepts. Wireless intelligent network (WIN) will bring those same successful strategies into the wireless networks.
The main benefit of intelligent networks is the ability to improve existing services and develop new sources of revenue. To meet these objectives, providers require the ability to accomplish the following:
IN provides the capability to provision new services or modify existing services throughout the network with physical intervention.
Service providers require the ability to change the service logic rapidly and efficiently. Customers are also demanding control of their own services to meet their individual needs.
A major criterion for service providers is that the software must be developed quickly and inexpensively. To accomplish this, suppliers must integrate commercially available software to create the applications required by service providers.
Open interfaces allow service providers to introduce network elements quickly for individualized customer services. AIN technology uses the embedded base of stored program-controlled switching systems and the SS7 network. The AIN technology also allows for the separation of service-specific functions and data from other network resources. This feature reduces the dependency on switching system vendors for software development and delivery schedules. Service providers have more freedom to create and customize services.
The SCP contains programmable service-independent capabilities (or service logic) that is under the control of service providers. The SCP also contains service-specific data that allows service providers and their customers to customize services. AIN is a logical technology, which can help service providers meet local number portability. AIN LNP solutions are so flexible that AIN provides service without the burden of costly network additions to the service providers.
WIN services are related to AIN services. AIN was first introduced for the wireline industry in late 1980’s. The best known AIN application is the "800 service" which opened the door to a host of new services offered on a platform other than the switch. WIN, enhancing the AIN concept with the mobility management aspect of wireless communication, will offer services consistent with what wireline AIN offers. Furthermore, WIN still needs to address:
• Personal and terminal mobility,
• Internetwork handoff,
• Security,
• Fraud prevention and detection.
Voice-controlled services employ voice-recognition technology to allow the wireless user to control features and services using spoken commands, names, and numbers. There are two main types of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Speaker-dependent requires specific spoken phrases unique to an individual user. Each user is required to train the ASR system by recording samples of each specific phrase. The other is speaker-independent ASR, which requires the use of specific spoken phrases that are independent of the speaker. The individual user need not train the system.
VCD allows a subscriber to originate calls by dialing digits using spoken commands instead of the keypad. VCD may be used during call origination or during the call itself.
VCFC permits a calling party to call a special VCFC directory number, identify the calling party as an authorized subscriber with a mobile directory number and personal identification number (PIN), and specify feature operations via one or more feature-control strings. This service is similar to remote feature control (RFC) except that the subscriber is allowed to dial feature-control digits or commands using spoken words and phrases instead of keypad digits.
VUI permits a subscriber to place restrictions on access to services by using VUI to validate the identity of the speaker. VUI employs a form of ASR technology to validate the identity of the speaker rather than determine what was said by the speaker. VUI requires that the subscriber register the service by training the ASR system by recording a word or phrase. When a user attempts to access a service, the ASR system prompts the user to say the special phrase.
Incoming calls to a subscriber may be given one of the following termination treatments: the call is terminated normally to the subscriber with normal or distinctive alerting; it is forwarded to voice mail or to another number; it is routed to a subscriber-specific announcement; or it is blocked. These kinds of services help subscribers control incoming calls and their monthly airtime bills. From a marketing standpoint, they entice cost-conscious customers who might not want unlimited access from callers.
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